In September of 2020, the first ever crypto bank charter was approved in the state of Wyoming, and awarded to cryptocurrency exchange Kraken. As a bank, Kraken can now offer digital assets services to retail and institutional customers. This monumental step towards a more seamless integration of fiat and cryptocurrencies presents opportunities for wider acceptance and use of cryptocurrencies in daily life. Even more recently, in January of 2021, the OCC approved the first ever federal bank charter, and awarded it to Anchorage. Discussion topics include: what are the differences between these two charters? What are the benefits to each, and how do they change the landscape for emerging crypto-based projects? How big of a step forward is this in legitimating cryptocurrency in the current regulatory framework? Panelists: Georgia Quinn – Anchorage Marco Santori – Kraken Moderator: Mandy Mengyu Li, HLS ’22

Since its inception in 2009, an immense amount of blockchain applications have emerged for a variety of different use cases. Some of them have been successful, others are still working out the bugs. This panel features blockchain venture capital experts who can discuss which areas of blockchain development seem promising at the moment, and which areas seem to be dead ends. Discussion topics include: which new blockchain developments look to be the most interesting and why? Which blockchain ventures haven’t gone as expected, and what obstacles are keeping them from success? Opinions on DeFi, Voting, NFTs, and basically anything else. Panelists: Dan Robinson – Paradigm Jeffrey Amico – a16z Alok Vasudev – Standard Crypto VC Moderator: Reshma Lutfeali, HLS & HBS ’21

In this past year, there has been an unprecedented amount of political fervor. Social movements and protests erupted across the world for a variety of reasons. In many circumstances, it is difficult for these “rebellious” groups to gain access to funding, because more often than not monetary institutions to not like to be involved. Bitcoin is censorship resistant, and, for better or worse, has played a huge role in financing movements such as #EndSARS in Nigeria, political opposition in Russia (Navalny), the Hong Kong Free Press and protests there, and even the insurrection at the United States capital earlier this year. More than ever, individuals are realizing they don’t have as much control over their money as they thought they did. Discussion topics include: what are the dangers of allowing individuals absolute autonomy over their own finances? What are the dangers of restricting what they can spend money to support? Are there any meaningful lines that can be drawn here, or is it a zero-sum game? How would we enforce that line, even if we could draw it? Are there any Freedom of Expression, First Amendment constitutional issues presented here? Panelists: Alex Gladstein – Human Rights Foundation Jerry Brito – CoinCenter Jessie Liu – Skadden Elizabeth Stark – Lightning Labs Moderator: Thomas Hopkins, HLS ’21

U.S. law enforcement agencies announced a sweeping takedown of cyber-enabled financing campaigns tied to multiple terrorist organizations. U.S. agencies targeted and dismantled efforts by Al-Qaeda, ISIS, and Al Qassam Brigades who were fundraising via cryptocurrencies and social media, seizing millions of dollars and over 300 crypto wallets in the process. In this case study session, hear from the IRS-CI, HSI, and FBI Special Agents and former federal prosecutor who helped lead the investigation and prosecution of the landmark case. You’ll get an inside look at how law enforcement followed digital trails back to terrorist financiers, conducted undercover operations to take over the terrorists’ infrastructure, leveraged the blockchain, and utilized public-private sector collaboration to counter threat actors utilizing new technologies. Panelists: Zia Faruqui – United States Magistrate Judge Chris Janczewski – Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Kyle Armstrong – Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) Moderator: Maude Wilson, HLS ‘22

Decentralized finance has promising applications and use cases as financial institutions and blockchain applications continue to develop. This panel will focus on the rise of these decentralized finance applications, and discuss how important they are, and what we can expect from them in the near future. Panelists: Andreas Antonopoulos – Bitcoin and Open Blockchain Educator and Author Prof. Emin Gün Sirer – Cornell University; Co-Director of IC3; CEO of Avalanche Kyle Roche – Roche Freedman LLP Eric Rosen – Roche Freedman LLP Moderator: Kayla Blaker, HLS ’21